As early as the end of the Second World War it was recognized that nuclear fuel cycle technologies developed for military purposes—specifically, uranium enrichment and reprocessing—had major potential for peaceful applications but remained inherently dual-purpose, and if not controlled appropriately, could be diverted to military use.

Effective Implementation of UNSCR 1540 in Research and Academia: the Role of CBRN Security Culture

The Center for International Trade and Security (CITS) works to address the dangers posed by transfers of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and WMD-related technology and materials. CITS seeks to accomplish its mission by: NUCLEAR SECURITY CULTURE: THE CASE OF RUSSIA